A skin self-exam helps you learn what is normal for your body so that a new or changing spot is easier to notice. It does not replace an examination by a healthcare professional and cannot diagnose skin cancer.
Set yourself up for a thorough check
Choose a private, well-lit room. A full-length mirror and a handheld mirror are useful; a trusted partner can help with areas you cannot see. You may also use a body map or dated photos to record existing spots in consistent lighting.
A head-to-toe method
- Face the full-length mirror. Examine the front and back of your body, then raise your arms and look at both sides.
- Bend your elbows. Check the forearms, upper arms, underarms, palms, fingers, and fingernails.
- Examine the front and back of your legs and feet. Look between the toes, beneath the toenails, and across the soles.
- Use the handheld mirror for the back of your neck and scalp. Part the hair in sections so that you can see the skin.
- Finish with the back, buttocks, and any skin folds or other hard-to-see areas. Ask for help when needed.
Take your time. Checking in the same order and under similar lighting makes comparison easier.
What to look for
You are looking for change and difference—not trying to diagnose a spot. Pay attention to:
- A new growth, mole, bump, or patch.
- A spot that looks different from the others on your body.
- A mole or mark changing in size, shape, color, or texture.
- A sore that does not heal, or heals and returns.
- A spot that itches, bleeds, oozes, crusts, or becomes painful.
- A new or changing dark line beneath a nail.
How often should you check?
The American Academy of Dermatology notes that checking monthly can be beneficial for some people. The right schedule depends on your individual risk and history. If you have had skin cancer, have a strong family history, or are under dermatology surveillance, follow the schedule your clinician recommends.
Skin cancer can affect every skin tone
Anyone can develop skin cancer. On darker skin tones, cancers may appear in areas that receive little sun, including the palms, soles, toes, nails, mouth, and genital area. Include these areas in your routine rather than checking only the face and arms.
When to contact a professional
Arrange an assessment if you notice a spot that is new, changing, different from the rest, itching, bleeding, or not healing. Do not wait for the next planned self-exam when a change concerns you.
This article is for general education only and is not medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. A qualified healthcare professional should assess concerning skin changes.